What is a post-study work visa?
A post-study work visa is a temporary residence permit granted to international graduates that lets them stay and work in the country where they studied. Unlike a student visa, it allows full-time employment with any employer (in most cases), and unlike a regular work visa, it does not require an employer sponsor or job offer at the time of application.
Typical duration is 1-3 years. Most programs are open work permits, meaning any employer, any role, any salary. The intent is to give graduates time to find skilled employment and, in many countries, transition to permanent residency through gained local experience.
All 15 post-study work visas compared
Master comparison of every major post-study work program. Click any country to read the full visa guide.
| Country | Visa Name | Duration | Degree Required | Work Rights | Cost |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Canada | PGWP | 1-3 yr | Any level | Full time | Free |
| UK | Graduate Route | 2 yr (→18 mo) | Bachelor+ | Full time | GBP 822 |
| Australia | Subclass 485 | 2-4 yr | Bachelor+ | Full time | AUD 1,895 |
| Germany | §16b Post-Study | 18 mo | Any level | Full time | EUR 75 |
| Netherlands | Zoekjaar | 12 mo | Bachelor+ | Full time | EUR 210 |
| France | APS | 12 mo | Master+ | Full time | EUR 75 |
| Ireland | Third Level Graduate | 12-24 mo | Level 8+ | 40 hr/wk | Free |
| New Zealand | Post-Study Work | 1-3 yr | Level 7+ | Full time | NZD 700 |
| Sweden | Extension | 12 mo | Bachelor+ | Full time | SEK 1,500 |
| Japan | Designated Activities | 12 mo | Bachelor+ | Full time | Free |
| South Korea | D-10 | 6 mo | Korean degree | Part time | ~$40 |
| Singapore | LTVP+ | 12 mo | Selected unis | Full time | — |
| Spain | Post-Study | 12 mo | Master+ | Full time | EUR 80 |
| Denmark | Job Search | 6 mo | Master+ | No | DKK 3,310 |
| Finland | Extended Permit | 6-12 mo | Bachelor+ | Full time | EUR 490 |
Best post-study visas for permanent residency
Not every post-study visa leads to PR. These five rank highest on actual settlement outcomes.
- Canada PGWP - 1-3 years of open work, then Canadian work experience adds 40-80 Express Entry CRS points. Use our Canada CRS calculator.
- Australia 485 - 2-4 years to qualify for Skilled Independent 189 or 190. Calculate with the Australia points calculator.
- Germany - 18 months to find a job that switches you to EU Blue Card (PR in 21 months with B1 German).
- Ireland - 12-24 months to secure a Critical Skills permit, then Stamp 4 PR after 2 years.
- New Zealand - 1-3 years to qualify for Skilled Migrant Category PR.
UK Graduate Route - what is changing in 2027
The Migration Advisory Committee (MAC) recommended keeping the Graduate Route at 2 years, but the government overruled it. From January 2027 the Graduate Route will be cut to 18 months. PhD graduates keep their 3-year duration.
- Less time to find a Skilled Worker sponsor
- Salary threshold for switching to Skilled Worker visa: GBP 41,700
- Alternative: Global Talent visa (no sponsorship needed)
- Read full context in our UK 2026 white paper tracker
Use the UK Skilled Worker 70-point checker to plan ahead.
Canada PGWP - the gold standard
The Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP) duration matches your program length: a 1-year program gets a 1-year PGWP; programs of 2 years or more get the maximum 3-year PGWP. It is an open work permit - any employer, any job.
One year of Canadian skilled work experience adds significant CRS points and qualifies you for the Canadian Experience Class. Recent changes require program-job alignment for some streams; check IRCC for your specific program.
Cost is effectively free - it is included in the study permit extension. Combined with our Canada H-1B fast-track guide, PGWP is the strongest international study-to-PR route in 2026.
Post-study visa duration comparison
How to choose the right country to study in
- Want PR fastest? → Canada or Australia
- Want highest post-grad salary? → Singapore, Switzerland, UK
- Want cheapest tuition? → Germany (free public unis), France, Norway
- Want English-medium teaching? → UK, Canada, Australia, Ireland, NZ
- Want European PR? → Germany, Netherlands, France, Ireland
- Want flexibility (open work permit)? → Canada PGWP wins
Tips for students planning ahead
- Choose your study country partly based on post-study work rights, not just program ranking
- Start language exams during studies (IELTS, TEF, Goethe) so you do not delay PR applications
- Network and intern during studies - your post-study window is short
- Understand the PR pathway BEFORE you enrol, not after graduation
- Budget 6-12 months of post-graduation savings - finding skilled work takes time
- Check that your program qualifies (some short courses do not, especially in Canada)
- Compare with our easiest work visa countries guide
Frequently asked questions
Which country has the best post-study work visa?
Canada offers the most generous program with up to 3 years of open work rights and a direct pathway to permanent residency through Express Entry.
Is the UK Graduate Route being cancelled?
No, but it is being reduced from 2 years to 18 months starting January 2027. PhD graduates keep their 3-year duration.
Can I get permanent residency through a post-study work visa?
Yes, in Canada, Australia, Germany, Ireland, and New Zealand. The post-study visa gives you time to gain local experience and qualify for PR programs.
Do I need a job offer for a post-study work visa?
Usually no. Most post-study visas are open work permits that let you work for any employer without a pre-arranged job.
How long is Germany's post-study work visa?
18 months to find a job matching your qualifications. During this period you can work freely. Tuition at public universities is free.
What happens if I don't find a job during the post-study period?
You must leave when the visa expires. Some countries allow one extension. Canada's 3-year PGWP gives the longest runway.
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